Threats To Optimal Development: Integrating Biological, Psychological, and Social Risk Factors: the Minnesota Symposia on Child Psychology, Volume 27

Psychology's recent immersion in risk research has introduced a new variant in which the focus is not solely on disease, but also on the effects and consequences produced by the multiple aspects of risk on individual adaptation. Variations in such patterns of adaptation signal the entrance of protective factors as an added element to the clinical and research focus in the prediction of positive versus negative outcomes under the duress of stressful experiences.

Given psychology's investme...