Form and Function in the Brain and Spinal Cord: Perspectives of a Neurologist

by Stephen G. Waxman, W. I. Mcdonald (Foreword by)

Overview

This book reflects Stephen Waxman's three decades of research on the form and functions of the brain and spinal cord. Building on his experience as a neuroscientist studying model systems as primitive as eels and as a neurologist studying humans, Waxman discusses a wide variety of topics, including the design principles that optimize neural function; molecular and cellular substrates of behavior; the role of glial cells in the brain; the molecular basis for pain; plasticity in the brain and spinal cord; strategies for promoting functional recovery in disorders such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and stroke; and prospects for rebuilding the brain and spinal cord. The pieces provide example after example of the elegance of design of the nervous system, of the intricate interplay between structure and function in health and disease, and of the rich borderland between neuroscience and neurology.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780262731553
Publisher:	MIT Press
Publication date:	01/24/2003
Series:	A Bradford Book
Edition description:	Reprint
Pages:	530
Product dimensions:	7.00(w) x 9.00(h) x 1.50(d)
Age Range:	18 Years

About the Author

Stephen G. Waxman is Bridget Flaherty Professor of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Pharmacology at Yale University, where he is also Director of the Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research. He is the author of Form and Function in the Brain and Spinal Cord (MIT Press) and other books.

Table of Contents

	Foreword	xiii
	Preface	xv
	Acknowledgments	xvii
	Introduction: Growing up in Neuroscience	xix
I	Building a Smart Nerve Fiber	1
1	Relative Conduction Velocities of Small Myelinated and Non-myelinated Fibres in the Central Nervous System (Nature New Biology 238: 217-219, 1972)	5
II	The Bauhaus in the Brain	11
2	Morphological Correlates of Functional Differentiation of Nodes of Ranvier along Single Fibers in the Neurogenic Electric Organ of the Knife Fish Sternarchus (Journal of Cell Biology 53: 210-224, 1972)	13
III	What is It? Where is It?	31
3	Introduction to Clinical Thinking: The Relationship between Neuroanatomy and Neurology (Correlative Neuroanatomy, Appleton and Lange, Stamford, 1996)	33
IV	Seeing the Brain: the Impacts of Modern Brain Imaging	45
4	Acute Confusional States with Right Middle Cerebral Artery Infarctions (Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 39: 84-89, 1976)	47
V	Novels, Poems, and Cosmic Murals	55
5	Hypergraphia in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (Neurology 24: 629-637, 1974)	59
VI	Stockings, Gloves, and Meaningless Chants	73
6	Diabetic Truncal Polyneuropathy (Archives of Neurology 38: 46-47, 1981)	77
VII	Self-Repair in the Nervous System	81
7	Conduction in Myelinated, Unmyelinated, and Demyelinated Fibers (Archives of Neurology 34: 585-589, 1977)	85
8	Conduction through Demyelinated Plaques in Multiple Sclerosis: Computer Simulations of Facilitation by Short Internodes (Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 41: 408-416, 1978)	93
9	Reorganization of the Axon Membrane in Demyelinated Peripheral Nerve Fibers: Morphological Evidence (Science 210: 661-663, 1980)	105
10	Current Concepts in Neurology: Membranes, Myelin, and the Pathophysiology of Multiple Sclerosis (New England Journal of Medicine 306: 1529-1533, 1982)	109
VIII	Silent Damage	117
11	Evoked Potentials in Suspected Multiple Sclerosis: Diagnostic Value and Prediction of Clinical Course (Journal of the Neurological Sciences 83: 191-210, 1988)	121
12	Temporal Profile Resembling TIA in the Setting of Cerebral Infarction (Stroke 14: 433-437, 1983)	137
IX	Hide and Seek Along the Brain's Highways	145
13	Absence of Potassium Conductance in Central Myelinated Axons (Nature 287: 348-349, 1980)	149
14	Development of 4-AP and TEA Sensitivities in Mammalian Myelinated Nerve Fibers (Journal of Neurophysiology 60: 2168-2179, 1988)	153
X	The Glue within the Brain	167
15	Specificity in Central Myelination: Evidence for Local Regulation of Myelin Thickness (Brain Research 292: 179-185, 1984)	173
16	Freeze-Fracture Ultrastructure of the Perinodal Astrocyte and Associated Glial Junctions (Brain Research 308: 77-87, 1984)	181
17	Ion Channels in Spinal Cord Astrocytes In Vitro. II. Biophysical and Pharmacological Analysis of Two Na[superscript +] Current Types (Journal of Neurophysiology 68: 1001-1011, 1992)	195
XI	Spinal Cord Injury and Multiple Sclerosis: New Pathologies, New Therapeutic Targets	215
18	Aminopyridines and the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury (Journal of Neurotrauma 10: 19-24, 1993)	219
19	Demyelinating Diseases--New Pathological Insights, New Therapeutic Targets (New England Journal of Medicine 338: 323-325, 1998)	227
XII	Seeds of Recovery within the Spinal Cord	231
20	Neurogenesis in Adult Vertebrate Spinal Cord In Situ and In Vitro: A New Model System (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 457: 213-233, 1985)	235
XIII	How Does a Boxer Stand?	253
21	Clinical Observations on the Emotional Motor System (Progress in Brain Research 107: 595-604, 1996)	255
XIV	An Ambivalent See-Saw	267
22	Ionic Mechanisms of Anoxic Injury in Mammalian CNS White Matter: Role of Na[superscript +] Channels and Na[superscript +]-Ca[superscript 2+] Exchanger (The Journal of Neuroscience 12: 430-439, 1992)	271
23	Modulation of Anoxic Injury in CNS White Matter by Adenosine and Interaction between Adenosine and GABA (Journal of Neurophysiology 72: 2609-2616, 1994)	293
XV	Symphonia Molecularis	311
24	Spinal Sensory Neurons Express Multiple Sodium Channel a-Subunit mRNAs (Molecular Brain Research 43: 117-131, 1996)	315
25	Delayed Depolarization and Slow Sodium Currents in Cutaneous Afferents (Journal of Neurophysiology 71: 1627-1637, 1994)	337
26	Slow Closed-State Inactivation: A Novel Mechanism Underlying Ramp Currents in Cells Expressing the hNE/PN1 Sodium Channel (The Journal of Neuroscience 18: 9607-9619, 1998)	357
XVI	Messengers of Pathos	381
27	Down-Regulation of Transcripts for Na Channel a-SNS in Spinal Sensory Neurons Following Axotomy (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 93: 14950-14954, 1996)	385
28	Down-Regulation of Tetrodotoxin-Resistant Sodium Currents and Up-Regulation of a Rapidly Repriming Tetrodotoxin-Sensitive Sodium Current in Small Spinal Sensory Neurons after Nerve Injury (The Journal of Neuroscience 17: 3503-3514, 1997)	393
29	Insertion of an SNS-specific Tetrapeptide in the S3-S4 Linker of D4 Accelerates Recovery from Inactivation of Skeletal Muscle Voltage-Gated Na Channel [mu]1 in HEK293 Cells (FEBS Letters 416: 11-14, 1997)	413
30	Sodium Channels and Pain (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 96: 7635-7639, 1999)	421
XVII	Needle in a Haystack	433
31	NaN, a Novel Voltage-Gated Na Channel, Is Expressed Preferentially in Peripheral Sensory Neurons and Down-Regulated after Axotomy (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 95: 8963-8968, 1998)	437
32	A Novel Persistent Tetrodotoxin-Resistant Sodium Current in SNS-null and Wild-Type Small Primary Sensory Neurons (Journal of Neuroscience 19: RC43 (1-6), 1999)	449
XVIII	Rebuilding the Brain and Spinal Cord	459
33	Restoration of Normal Conduction Properties in Demyelinated Spinal Cord Axons in the Adult Rat by Transplantation of Exogenous Schwann Cells (Journal of Neuroscience 16: 3199-3208, 1996)	463
XIX	You can't Step in the Same River Twice	479
34	Molecular and Functional Remodeling of Electrogenic Membrane of Hypothalamic Neurons in Response to Changes in Their Input (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 96: 1088-1094, 1999)	483
	Index	495