Waves Across the South: A New History of Revolution and Empire

by Sujit Sivasundaram

Overview

This is a story of tides and coastlines, winds and waves, islands and beaches. It is also a retelling of indigenous creativity, agency, and resistance in the face of unprecedented globalization and violence. Waves Across the South shifts the narrative of the Age of Revolutions and the origins of the British Empire; it foregrounds a vast southern zone that ranges from the Arabian Sea and southwest Indian Ocean across to the Bay of Bengal, and onward to the South Pacific and the Tasman Sea. As the empires of the Dutch, French, and especially the British reached across these regions, they faced a surge of revolutionary sentiment. Long-standing venerable Eurasian empires, established patterns of trade and commerce, and indigenous practice also served as a context for this transformative era. In addition to bringing long-ignored people and events to the fore, Sujit Sivasundaram opens the door to new and necessary conversations about environmental history, the consequences of historical violence, the legacies of empire, the extraction of resources, and the indigenous futures that Western imperialism cut short. The result is nothing less than a bold new way of understanding our global past, one that also helps us think afresh about our shared future.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780226790411
Publisher:	University of Chicago Press
Publication date:	05/07/2021
Edition description:	1
Pages:	496
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 8.90(h) x 1.20(d)

About the Author

Sujit Sivasundaram is professor of world history and fellow of Gonville and Caius College, University of Cambridge. He is the author of the prize-winning Waves Across the South: A New History of Revolution and Empire, also published by the University of Chicago Press.

Table of Contents

A Note on Transliteration and Images vii

List of Images ix

Timeline xv

Maps xxi

Introduction 1

1 Travels in the Oceanic South 16

2 In the South Pacific: Travellers, Monarchs and Empires 40

3 In the Southwest Indian Ocean: Worlds of Revolt and the Rise of Britain 79

4 In the Persian Gulf: Tangled Empires, States and Mariners 123

5 In the Tasman Sea: The Intimate Markers of a Counter-Revolution 166

6 At India's Maritime Frontier: Waterborne Lineages of War 204

7 In the Bay of Bengal: Modelling Empire, Globe and Self 245

8 Across the Indian Ocean: Comparative Glances in the South 284

Conclusion 332

Afterword 351

Acknowledgements 355

References 361

Index 443

Image Credits 466

Editorial Reviews

Waves Across the South is an eye-opening work of global history. It globalizes the Age of Revolutions by viewing it from the Indian and Pacific Oceans, flipping the traditional narrative that places the Atlantic revolutions at the center of modern world history. With awe inspiring transnational research and interpretive imagination, Sivasundaram shows that the forces of revolution were global, and how the forces of radical change in the watery spaces of the south battled with the counter-revolution of the British Empire. This is a pioneering work that brings together the histories of empire and revolutions in a single frame.

Princeton University Gyan Prakash

"Waves Across the South brilliantly reconstructs how empire was made through voyages across oceans. . . . This book is an exemplar of historical writing [that] makes the oceans explode into the land."

BBC History Magazine - Dilip Menon

"With Waves Across the South: A New History of Revolution and Empire, Sujit Sivasundaram has written a big history: big in geographical and temporal scope and in ambition. Calling his work a new history of revolution and empire, he carries forward this promise by, in effect, going small. He focuses on islands and ports, webs of engagements, and the radiating effects of overlapping and interconnected locales from the Indian Ocean and Tasman Sea to Mauritius, Tonga, Aotearoa New Zealand, the Sri Lankan and Burmese coastal kingdoms, Chinese and Chilean ports, and the Cape of South Africa. It is these places, he says, in a tilt against more conventional historiographies, that shaped—and sometimes led—upheavals against colonial orders and the generation of political modernity, long a foundation of Atlantic histories in the later eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries."
 

Journal of British Studies - Matt Matsuda

"Sivasundaram guides the reader smoothly through the expanses of the oceanic south. His account, enriched by deep archival research and the use of visual and material evidence, has a human scale and texture sometimes lacking in similar global histories. . . . The familiar ideas and figures of the Atlantic revolutionary era, from democracy to George Washington, are at best ghostly presences in this reoriented revolutionary history. Mr. Sivasundaram instead gives main billing to a 'surge of indigenous politics' that tilted heavily toward monarchism. . . . The great achievement of Waves Across the South​ is that its shift of perspective lets us reconsider the meaning of revolution in the late 18th and early 19th centuries." 

Wall Street Journal - Nathan Perl-Rosenthal

This is a breathtaking book. Sivasundaram takes the familiar story of the ‘age of revolutions’ and turns it upside down, putting the voices, the hopes, and the struggles of the seafaring peoples of the Indian and Pacific oceans at the heart of his account of how the modern world was forged. . . Global history at its finest: eloquent, surprising, and deeply moving.

Yale University Sunil Amrith

"Waves across the South presents us with a new vision of a crucial period in global history, one that introduces new places and peoples and themes and destabilizes our sense of the normal."

Journal of Asian Studies

A magisterial intervention in world history, subverting and inverting our established, Atlantic conceptions of the age of revolutions by taking account of the myriad histories of the Indian and Pacific Oceans and their 'sea of islands' … This deeply researched and richly illustrated study not only demonstrates that 'we are all islanders', but also all heirs of empires forged in the oceanic South.

Margot Finn

Sivasundaram’s outstanding volume takes us on a gripping journey across the globe.… [This] magisterial book brings to light a world history that has so far been cast aside by many world historians. The history of colonisation has rarely established bridges between the Atlantic, the Indian Ocean and the Pacific worlds. The volume presents us with fascinating stories of communities that had strong and powerful histories and whose experiences were shaped by global forces and foreign occupation … A master class in history writing.

Bristol University Olivette Otele

"Sivasundaram brings these vast expanses alive by seeking out 'key life stories' that offer glimpses of forgotten struggles. . . He follows little-known voyages across the southern oceans accomplished by multi-ethnic crews. . . He deftly outlines the singularity of the British Empire, though in a pre-telegraphic era of poor communication its expansion was hardly strategic. . . As Sivasundaram convincingly argues in the global South this revolutionary age was defined by the way indigenous peoples responded to Western invasion."

Literary Review - Margarette Lincoln

Fresh, sparkling and ground-breaking, Waves Across the South helps re-centre how we look at the world and opens up new perspectives on how we can look at regions, peoples and places that have been left to one side of traditional histories for far too long.

Oxford University Peter Frankopian

"Fascinating. . . Waves Across the South is an ambitious attempt to tell world history from the viewpoint of the south. . . . Sivasundaram brings to life the 'surge of indigenous politics' that marked this era."

Financial Times - Tony Barber

An Apollyonic straddling of an entire hemisphere. . . . Scrupulously, Sivasundaram tells much of this history from the ground up, from the perspectives of the colonized, and for this purpose, he taps the archives of a cast of astonishing, enjoyable characters—not rulers or officials, but regular folk.

The Guardian - Samanth Subramanian

Waves Across the South turns conventional wisdom upside down, and invites us to follow the making of the modern world from the Pacific. . . . This is Big History. . . If you long for an intellectual journey, then you should go and ride these waves across the south and explore the making of the modern world.

The Spectator - Frank Trentmann

"All readers will surely recognise that Sivasundaram is making a highly original and powerfully argued intervention in a great debate about a crucial point in world history. The age of revolutions was the political context for the beginning of Kenneth Pomeranz’s ‘great divergence’ between the economies of western Europe and those of Asia. Sivasundaram’s book raises important questions about that context."

English Historical Review - P.J. Marshall

Waves Across the South exemplifies the very best of current writing in global history. Sivasundaram confidently surfs a dynamic wave of scholarship that has transformed the histories of the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific by looking from below—through the eyes of Indigenous peoples, the enslaved, the subjected and the global South, instead of those of the colonizer, the enslavers, the dominant or the global North. His aim is nothing less than ‘to turn the story of the dawn of our times inside out,’ by locating the birth of the modern world in the great Indo-Pacific arc from the Persian Gulf to Polynesia. . . . To call this ambitious would be an understatement. . . By recasting empire—especially the British empire—as the countervailing force in this turbulent arena, Sivasundaram brilliantly restores counter-revolution to its proper place in the Age of Revolutions.

Times Literary Supplement - David Armitage

"Sivasundaram brings these vast expanses alive by seeking out 'key life stories' that offer glimpses of forgotten struggles. . . He follows little-known voyages across the southern oceans accomplished by multi-ethnic crews. . . He deftly outlines the singularity of the British Empire, though in a pre-telegraphic era of poor communication its expansion was hardly strategic. . . As Sivasundaram convincingly argues in the global South this revolutionary age was defined by the way indigenous peoples responded to Western invasion."

Literary Review

"Fascinating. . . Waves Across the South is an ambitious attempt to tell world history from the viewpoint of the south. . . . Sivasundaram brings to life the 'surge of indigenous politics' that marked this era."

Financial Times

An Apollyonic straddling of an entire hemisphere. . . . Scrupulously, Sivasundaram tells much of this history from the ground up, from the perspectives of the colonized, and for this purpose, he taps the archives of a cast of astonishing, enjoyable characters—not rulers or officials, but regular folk.

The Guardian

"Waves Across the South brilliantly reconstructs how empire was made through voyages across oceans. . . . This book is an exemplar of historical writing [that] makes the oceans explode into the land."

BBC History Magazine

Waves Across the South turns conventional wisdom upside down, and invites us to follow the making of the modern world from the Pacific. . . . This is Big History. . . If you long for an intellectual journey, then you should go and ride these waves across the south and explore the making of the modern world.

The Spectator