Gotha International: The Great Families of Europe

In the year 800, Pope Leon III crowned Charlemagne as (Holy Roman) Emperor. For the next 1,000 years, Europe was ruled by families - institutions came later. This edifice started to crumble in 1806, when Napoleon "mediatised" most of the smaller territories. By 1918, the three great empires of Germany, Austria and Russia had been swept away and, with them, most of those monarchies which had survived.
We believe this is the most complete register of most of these families, complete with thei...