A History of the University in Europe: Volume 3, Universities in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries (1800-1945)

By focusing on the freedom of scientific research, teaching and study, the medieval university structure was modernized and enabled discoveries to become a professional, bureaucratically-regulated activity of the university. This opened the way for the victorious march of the natural sciences, and led to student movements--resulting in the university being ultimately cast in the role of a citadel of political struggle in a world-wide fight for freedom. Also available: Volume 1: Universities...